Adverse Reactions to Fluoroquinolones – Focus on Tendinopathy, QT Prolongation, and Neuropathy: A Review

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Fluoroquinolones are a widely prescribed class of antibiotics that have proven to be effective in treating a range of bacterial infections. However, the use of these drugs is associated with several adverse reactions that can cause significant harm to patients. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the side effects of fluoroquinolones, with a particular focus on tendinopathy, QT prolongation, and neuropathy. Tendinopathy is a rare fluoroquinolone adverse reaction that can cause tendon rupture and significant disability. Patients who are older, taking steroids, and those who have a history of tendon disorders are more likely to develop this complication. Another serious side effect of fluoroquinolone use is QT prolongation. It has the potential to cause arrhythmias, in some cases fatal, and is more likely to occur in patients with pre-existing heart problems, electrolyte imbalances, and those taking drugs that prolong the QT interval. Finally, neuropathy is a less frequent but potentially debilitating adverse reaction affecting peripheral nerves that can manifest as numbness, tingling, muscle weakness, or even paresis.  Given the potential for significant harm associated with fluoroquinolone use, clinicians must carefully consider the risks and benefits of prescribing these drugs, particularly in high-risk populations. Patients receiving them should be closely monitored for any signs and symptoms of these serious adverse reactions to allow for early intervention and appropriate management.