Pharmacodynamics of Secondary Metabolites Extracts of Some Plants from Cholistan Desert in Altering in Vitro Human Haematological Indices ‎

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Background: The vegetation of deserts comprise of plants synthesizing secondary metabolites, which have phytopharmacological potential and provide a mechanism of secondary defense against stresses, pathogens, and herbivores. Secondary metabolites, when used by animals and human beings as food or medicine, also defend the individual against diseases. The trafficking of defense strategy of secondary metabolites can be judged by the health status of an individual when treated with plant resourced metabolites as food or medicine. Blood characteristics of humans determine the physiology and health status of the individual. So any change brought in blood by exposure to secondary metabolites can determine the importance of their transfer from plants to humans. Design: The extracts were mixed with human blood in a 1:4 ratio and were analyzed by using the Automated Hematology Analyzer machine for complete blood count tests (CBC). Data were statistically analyzed by using one way ANOVA (Analysis Of Variance). The level of statistical significance was set at (P < 0.05). Means were separated by Duncan’s multiple range tests.  Results: The results showed that leaves, stem, and flower ethanolic extracts significantly increased leukocyte, granulocyte, granulocyte count, HCT, and MCV while significantly decreased eosinophils, platelets, and RBC. On some of the parameters, different parts of the plant showed different effects on the same hematological parameter as leaves and stem significantly reduced the lymphocyte but flower caused an insignificant reduction. Leaves and stem resulted in a significant increase of monocyte and monocyte count but flower significantly and insignificantly reduced the monocyte and monocyte count, respectively. Leaves and flowers of the plant insignificantly decreased the HGB while stem caused a significant increase. A significant increase of the MCH was observed in the case of leaves and stem while flowers showed an insignificant increase. Leaves and flowers significantly decreased the MCHC and stem insignificantly decreased the MCHC.