Antidiabetics and Glucose Uptake Activity of Prosopis Farcta on STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats and 3T3 L1 Adipocyte Cell Line

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Introduction and Objectives: Today researchers are trying to find the anti-diabetic effects of dietary and medicinal plants as alternative medicines and chemicals, which have been traditionally used for centuries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the hypoglycemic effects of the extract of Prosopis farcta on adult male rats and glucose uptake activity in 3T3 L1 adipocyte cells. Results: Groups treated with the doses of 40 mg/kg BW of the extract lowered the blood glucose levels similar to glibenclamide. A significant decrease in plasma glucose levels was shown in the rats treated with 60 mg/kg BW of the extract compared with the group treated with glibenclamide. The results of this study indicate that the glucose-lowering property of the Prosopis farcta extract is more effective than glibenclamide. The maximum blood plasma glucose level lowering was shown after 2 days of treatment with the extract of P. farcta at 60 mg/kg BW oral and 8 ml/kg BW subcutaneous administrations compared to the control group (p<0.001). Doses of 800 µg/ml of the aqueous extract of P. farcta had the maximum 2- deoxyglucose uptake in 3T3 L1 adipocyte cells (p<0/001). Conclusion: The results confirmed the hypoglycemic effect of the P. farcta extract and its traditional use in the treatment of diabetes. In addition, findings showed that aqueous extract of P. farcta fruit is effective in increasing the level of glucose uptakes into the adipocytes and this effect is promoted by increasing the extract dose because it is concentration-dependent. The data of this study suggest that the P. farcta fruit may be prescribed as an adjunct to the traditional formulations and drug treatment for controlling and monitoring type 2 diabetes mellitus.